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中新网9月13日电 针对华北地下水的超采问题，水利部部长李国英13日回应称，通过“节、控、换、补、管”五项措施，这几年华北地下水超采治理取得了明显成效。从地表的河流和湖泊来看，永定河恢复了过流、潮白河恢复了过流、滹沱河恢复了过流，白洋淀重现生机，断流干涸了将近一百年的京杭大运河黄河以北段今年也实现了全线过流贯通，实现了与永定河的百年交汇。    KINGSLAND, Ga. -- A man who spent more than 16 years in prison in Florida on a wrongful conviction was shot and killed Monday by a sheriff's deputy in Georgia during a traffic stop, authorities and representatives said.Leonard Allen Cure, 53, was identified by the Georgia Bureau of Investigation, which is reviewing the shooting.His death was confirmed by Seth Miller, executive director of the Innocence Project of Florida, which represented Cure in his exoneration case.Miller said he was devastated by the news, which he heard from Cure's family.“I can only imagine what it’s like to know your son is innocent and watch him be sentenced to life in prison, to be exonerated and ... then be told that once he’s been freed, he’s been shot dead," Miller said. "I can’t imagine as a parent what that feels like.”The Georgia Bureau of Investigation said a Camden County deputy pulled over a driver along Interstate 95 near the Georgia-Florida line and the driver got out of the car at the deputy’s request. He cooperated at first but became violent after he was told he was being arrested, a GBI news release said.The agency said preliminary information shows the deputy shocked the driver with a stun gun when he failed to obey commands, and the driver then began assaulting the deputy. The GBI said the deputy again tried using the stun gun and a baton to subdue him, then drew his gun and shot the driver when he continued to resist.The agency didn't say what prompted the deputy to pull over Cure's vehicle.Miller couldn't comment specifically on Cure's death but said he has represented dozens of people convicted of crimes who were later exonerated.“Even when they’re free, they always struggled with the concern, the fear that they’ll be convicted and incarcerated again for something they didn’t do,” he said.It is customary for Georgia law enforcement agencies to ask the GBI to investigate shootings involving officers. The agency said it will submit its findings to the district attorney for the coastal Brunswick Judicial Circuit, which includes Camden County.Cure was convicted of the 2003 armed robbery of a drug store in Florida's Dania Beach and sentenced to life in prison because he had previous convictions for robbery and other crimes.But the case had issues from the start and his conviction came from a second jury after the first one deadlocked. In 2020, the Broward State Attorney’s Office new Conviction Review Unit asked a judge to release Cure from prison. Broward’s conviction review team said it found “troubling” revelations that Cure had solid alibis that were previously disregarded and no physical evidence or solid witnesses to put him at the scene. An independent review panel of five local lawyers concurred with the findings.Cure was released that April after his sentenced was modified. That December, a judge vacated his conviction and sentence.“I’m looking forward to putting this situation behind me and moving on with my life,” Cure told the South Florida Sun Sentinel at the time. In June, Florida Gov. Ron DeSantis signed a claims bill granting Cure $817,000 in compensation for his conviction and imprisonment along with educational benefits.Miller said Cure, who lived in a suburb of Atlanta, received the money in August.“The Leonard we knew was a smart, funny and kind person,” Broward State Attorney Harold F. Pryor said in a statement to the Sun Sentinel Monday evening. “After he was freed and exonerated by our office, he visited prosecutors at our office and participated in training to help our staff do their jobs in the fairest and most thorough way possible. He would frequently call to check in on Assistant State Attorney Arielle Demby Berger, the head of the Conviction Review Unit, and offer our team encouragement to continue to do the important work of justice.”。中宣部13日举行“中国这十年”系列主题新闻发布会，介绍党的十八大以来水利发展成就。会上有记者提问：党的十八大以来，有关华北地下水超采的综合治理和河湖生态补水工作进展如何？李国英对此作出如上回复。李国英指出，由于历史原因，华北地区河湖生态环境遭到过严重损害，地下水严重超采，并造成了大面积地面沉降。水利部会同国务院有关部门、有关地方人民政府采取“节、控、换、补、管”等措施，大力实施华北地下水超采综合治理。一是“节”，即节约用水，强化需求端的节约用水。在华北地区采取三项措施，农业节水增效、工业节水减排、城镇节水降损。

二 | 二是“控”，即严格控制地下水开采规模和开采强度，对于第一用水大户农业，采取休耕轮作、发展雨养农业这种方式。同时，严控高耗水产业发展。三是“换”，即对地下水进行置换，以地下水为水源的这些产业、部门，把他们的用水方式换成引用地表水，利用南水北调中线调水、南水北调东线调水、黄河水、本地的地表水，以及本地产生的非常规水资源，对各行业、各部门地下水源进行置换。四是“补”，华北地区地下水源的补充来源，主要是地表河流和湖泊。一段时期以来，华北地区的河道发生了断流，湖泊长期干涸了，意味着地下水的补充来源没有了。

三 | 所以现在又在更大范围内考虑，向华北地区的河道和湖泊进行生态补水。这两年水利部加大力度，向永定河补水、向白洋淀补水、向京杭大运河黄河以北段补水。五是“管”，对地下水的开采实施严格管控。

四 | 首先是对华北地区地下水超采区进行范围划定，划出禁采区、限采区，然后在这个区域内实施严格的管理。特别是对于深层地下水超采区，对开采的机电井实施关闭甚至封填。同时，建立地下水监测系统，严格地监督考核。李国英表示，通过实施“节、控、换、补、管”这五项措施，这几年华北地下水超采治理取得了明显成效，主要反映在这几个方面：2021年12月底，最新的统计数字和2018年同期相比，华北地区地下水超采治理区浅层地下水回升了1.89米，深层承压水回升了4.65米。同时，监测结果显示，这些年回补地下水累计达到了80亿立方米。从地表的河流和湖泊来看，永定河恢复了过流、潮白河恢复了过流、滹沱河恢复了过流，白洋淀重现生机，断流干涸了将近一百年的京杭大运河黄河以北段今年也实现了全线过流贯通，实现了与永定河的百年交汇。

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